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Understanding Weather Flight Aviation weather is specially designed weather unutk aviation, both for the takeoff, landing or during flight. This weather information is given at any time during the aircraft flight plan which will be adjusted to flight schedule. Weather Information for Flight Weather information at the time of takeoff, and landing during the trip included several weather elements, namely wind, visibility. pressure, type of clouds, and temperature
2. Distance Glance For aircraft that are not automated, information visibility is needed in terms of landings, good visibility vertically or horizontally.
- Vertical visibility: closely related to the aircraft will be landing while still in the air, it pentig to know the position and the remaining runway for the landing runway can be done properly
- Horizontal Visibility: closely related to the time the plane started to land near the surface Gbr: Look for Flight Distance In flight known as Runway Visual Range (RVR) is a means of Meteorology which provides maximum visibility of information (visibility) area around the runway, RVR is usually installed as a complete facility Instrument Landing System (ILS) The events which can reduce visibility:
- Rain Running In dasrnya rain is defined as the water particles that fall to the ground berbentung pieces 0.5 mm in diameter or less, can be imagined if the particle-partike that fell to earth in a huge amount Badara, of course, would lead to reduced visibility. In general, this rain falling from low clouds include Cumulonimbus clouds (Cb)
- Air Escape / Haze This happens because of air pollution due to fumes, smoke from the exhaust manufacturing industry, and forest fires. Smoke particles that will fall into the large surface of the earth, while the particles are small in size with the mist and the mist will float in the air.
- Mist / Mist Consists of tiny droplets of microscopic floating in the air, this can reduce the visibility of not less than 1 km. water droplets are microscopic can not be seen with the naked eye because of the very small size.
- Fog / Fog Consist of water droplets are so small that hovered in the air and can reduce visibility less than 1 km. water droplets can be seen with the naked eye and their movements follow the movement of air.
- Smog Is a mixture of smoke and fog that can reduce visibility.
- Sandstorm / Sandstorm Occurs from the appointment of sand that can rise into the air due to wind tiuan, but the height of sand rise depends on the size but because of light, these particles rarely reach a height of more than 20-30 m. Daera usually occurs in the desert.
- Dust storms / Duststorm Occur from dust particles are very small, floating on the surface to a height of several km from the surface, these events can be prolonged and widespread and commonly occur in desert areas.
3. Cloud Types There are various types of clouds based on altitude levels, the low clouds, middle, and high. In-flight cloud that must be reported is the type of low cloud Cumulonimbus clouds (Cb) and the clouds Towering Cumulus (TCU), but in general Cb clouds. These clouds are feared in flight may cause updraft (current ride), downdraft (flow down), and windshear (keepatan changes abruptly), that if the plane was in / under this cloud at the time after takeoff, before landing , and at the time of flying will lead to instability of the aircraft's position can be fatal. Gbr: Cumulonimbus clouds (Cb)
4. Temperature Air temperature in flight is closely associated with the expansion of air where high temperatures when the air expands, and vice versa:
- if the higher temperature: thermal expansion of air caused more, this can lead to the formation of a mirage that can affect a pilot estimate of the actual visibility. High temperatures can also spur increased lift force to produce a plane that would affect the use of fuel. Can be imagined if the air around the plane which was flying a plane into the media sprawl, which can reduce aircraft lift
- if the lower temperature: the lower temperature, the air around will be more tightly than in the heat, causing the plane has more lift at takeoff, and fly through the air, which would reduce the need to lift produced so as to reduce aircraft fuel use.
5. Pressure Pressure is one of the most important weather elements required in the flight, the pressure is not off to do with temperature, where the pressure is inversely proportional to temperature. This is clearly apaila high temperature low pressure and vice versa, when the low temperature high pressure. Sea level pressure / Mean sea level pressure (MSLP or QFF) is the pressure at sea level or (when measuring the pressure on land is determined height). In the aviation world, the technical term "altimeter", which is an aneroid barometer made so that the scale-scale can indicate altitude / height. Error when reading the pressure will result in errors in the altimeter setting, this course will lead to misinterpretation by the pilot's altitude, especially during landing. Besides the pressure of information also affects the air density altitude (density, height) which then refers to lift the aircraft and runway length required at the time of takeoff. Gbr: altimeter on an aircraft Impact Against Bad Weather Flight Bad weather at the time of flight can be caused by:
1. Turbulence Turbulence is generally stir the air can not be seen. This can happen when the sky was clear and all of a sudden without any predictable. Cause:
1. Temperature - Heating from the sun causes the hot air rises and cold air instead of own, this type of turbulence is often called the "turbulence thermis"
2. Jet stream - the rapid movement of air currents at high altitude levels, and affect the surrounding air.
3. Mountains - The mass of air passing through the mountains and cause turbulence in the plane above it on the other side. Turbulence of this type is often referred to as "mechanical turbulence" Wake turbulence - turbulence that occurs close to the surface through which a plane or helicopter
1. Turbulence due to temperature
2. Turbulence due jetstream
3. Turbulence due mountain
4. Turbulence due to surface through which aircraft
2. Updraft and Downdraft on Cb cloud An updraft or downdraft is the vertical movement of air masses as part of the weather phenomenon. This is due to differences in the hot air mass with a mass of cold air masses resulting in more hot air from the surroundings until the temperature rises with the temperature around, the air mass is colder temperature down. This situation resulted in aircraft that were inside and under the body of Cb clouds become unstable position and if updrfat and downdraft that occurs very strong, will cause the aircraft experienced something often called the "turbulence" If the power of Cb cloud downdraft of very large, then this is called "downburst", which can produce vertical wind down very fast with a speed reaching 240 km / hour. With a vertical velocity greater to more than 75 m / sec or 270 km / h and was felt in the region greater than 4 km, then the downdraft is called "microbust". Downdraft and micobust should be avoided by the pilots as it can cause a plane crash during takeoff or landing.
3. Icing In flight, icing Events is a condition in which the ice formed on the surface of the fuselage, or when the carburetor on the engine freeze. Icing occurs when water vapor freezes below the freezing point. This phenomenon does not endanger the flight immediately but gradually, if this condition is left continuous. This will result in engine damage, reducing power, weight aircraft, disrupt the air flow, and increase the stall speed of the aircraft which will affect the aircraft.
4. Lightning A bolt of lightning on aircraft navigation equipment will be destroyed, as well as other equipment systems in the plane. Besides the glaring rays emitted by lightning constantly interfere with the pilot in flying the plane, in this case is not used aircraft automatic flight.
- Vertical visibility: closely related to the aircraft will be landing while still in the air, it pentig to know the position and the remaining runway for the landing runway can be done properly
- Horizontal Visibility: closely related to the time the plane started to land near the surface Gbr: Look for Flight Distance In flight known as Runway Visual Range (RVR) is a means of Meteorology which provides maximum visibility of information (visibility) area around the runway, RVR is usually installed as a complete facility Instrument Landing System (ILS) The events which can reduce visibility:
- Rain Running In dasrnya rain is defined as the water particles that fall to the ground berbentung pieces 0.5 mm in diameter or less, can be imagined if the particle-partike that fell to earth in a huge amount Badara, of course, would lead to reduced visibility. In general, this rain falling from low clouds include Cumulonimbus clouds (Cb)
- Air Escape / Haze This happens because of air pollution due to fumes, smoke from the exhaust manufacturing industry, and forest fires. Smoke particles that will fall into the large surface of the earth, while the particles are small in size with the mist and the mist will float in the air.
- Mist / Mist Consists of tiny droplets of microscopic floating in the air, this can reduce the visibility of not less than 1 km. water droplets are microscopic can not be seen with the naked eye because of the very small size.
- Fog / Fog Consist of water droplets are so small that hovered in the air and can reduce visibility less than 1 km. water droplets can be seen with the naked eye and their movements follow the movement of air.
- Smog Is a mixture of smoke and fog that can reduce visibility.
- Sandstorm / Sandstorm Occurs from the appointment of sand that can rise into the air due to wind tiuan, but the height of sand rise depends on the size but because of light, these particles rarely reach a height of more than 20-30 m. Daera usually occurs in the desert.
- Dust storms / Duststorm Occur from dust particles are very small, floating on the surface to a height of several km from the surface, these events can be prolonged and widespread and commonly occur in desert areas.
3. Cloud Types There are various types of clouds based on altitude levels, the low clouds, middle, and high. In-flight cloud that must be reported is the type of low cloud Cumulonimbus clouds (Cb) and the clouds Towering Cumulus (TCU), but in general Cb clouds. These clouds are feared in flight may cause updraft (current ride), downdraft (flow down), and windshear (keepatan changes abruptly), that if the plane was in / under this cloud at the time after takeoff, before landing , and at the time of flying will lead to instability of the aircraft's position can be fatal. Gbr: Cumulonimbus clouds (Cb)
4. Temperature Air temperature in flight is closely associated with the expansion of air where high temperatures when the air expands, and vice versa:
- if the higher temperature: thermal expansion of air caused more, this can lead to the formation of a mirage that can affect a pilot estimate of the actual visibility. High temperatures can also spur increased lift force to produce a plane that would affect the use of fuel. Can be imagined if the air around the plane which was flying a plane into the media sprawl, which can reduce aircraft lift
- if the lower temperature: the lower temperature, the air around will be more tightly than in the heat, causing the plane has more lift at takeoff, and fly through the air, which would reduce the need to lift produced so as to reduce aircraft fuel use.
5. Pressure Pressure is one of the most important weather elements required in the flight, the pressure is not off to do with temperature, where the pressure is inversely proportional to temperature. This is clearly apaila high temperature low pressure and vice versa, when the low temperature high pressure. Sea level pressure / Mean sea level pressure (MSLP or QFF) is the pressure at sea level or (when measuring the pressure on land is determined height). In the aviation world, the technical term "altimeter", which is an aneroid barometer made so that the scale-scale can indicate altitude / height. Error when reading the pressure will result in errors in the altimeter setting, this course will lead to misinterpretation by the pilot's altitude, especially during landing. Besides the pressure of information also affects the air density altitude (density, height) which then refers to lift the aircraft and runway length required at the time of takeoff. Gbr: altimeter on an aircraft Impact Against Bad Weather Flight Bad weather at the time of flight can be caused by:
1. Turbulence Turbulence is generally stir the air can not be seen. This can happen when the sky was clear and all of a sudden without any predictable. Cause:
1. Temperature - Heating from the sun causes the hot air rises and cold air instead of own, this type of turbulence is often called the "turbulence thermis"
2. Jet stream - the rapid movement of air currents at high altitude levels, and affect the surrounding air.
3. Mountains - The mass of air passing through the mountains and cause turbulence in the plane above it on the other side. Turbulence of this type is often referred to as "mechanical turbulence" Wake turbulence - turbulence that occurs close to the surface through which a plane or helicopter
1. Turbulence due to temperature
2. Turbulence due jetstream
3. Turbulence due mountain
4. Turbulence due to surface through which aircraft
2. Updraft and Downdraft on Cb cloud An updraft or downdraft is the vertical movement of air masses as part of the weather phenomenon. This is due to differences in the hot air mass with a mass of cold air masses resulting in more hot air from the surroundings until the temperature rises with the temperature around, the air mass is colder temperature down. This situation resulted in aircraft that were inside and under the body of Cb clouds become unstable position and if updrfat and downdraft that occurs very strong, will cause the aircraft experienced something often called the "turbulence" If the power of Cb cloud downdraft of very large, then this is called "downburst", which can produce vertical wind down very fast with a speed reaching 240 km / hour. With a vertical velocity greater to more than 75 m / sec or 270 km / h and was felt in the region greater than 4 km, then the downdraft is called "microbust". Downdraft and micobust should be avoided by the pilots as it can cause a plane crash during takeoff or landing.
3. Icing In flight, icing Events is a condition in which the ice formed on the surface of the fuselage, or when the carburetor on the engine freeze. Icing occurs when water vapor freezes below the freezing point. This phenomenon does not endanger the flight immediately but gradually, if this condition is left continuous. This will result in engine damage, reducing power, weight aircraft, disrupt the air flow, and increase the stall speed of the aircraft which will affect the aircraft.
4. Lightning A bolt of lightning on aircraft navigation equipment will be destroyed, as well as other equipment systems in the plane. Besides the glaring rays emitted by lightning constantly interfere with the pilot in flying the plane, in this case is not used aircraft automatic flight.
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